\paperw5490 \margr0\margl0 \plain \fs20 \qr \f1 \fs22 Almost nothing is left of the Phoenician city of Tyre, having been successively effaced by Hellenistic, Roman, Byz
antine, and Crusader constructions. Modern Tyre is very different from the ancient one. Today, in fact, the city is linked to the mainland by a tongue of land that has formed over the centuries from the accumulation of debris on the pier that was erected
by \b \cf2 \ATXht1 Alexander the Great\b0 \cf0 \ATXht0 during the siege of 332 BC. In antiquity, however, the city stood on an island of over 50 hectares, facing the coast and surrounded to the north and south by two long reefs that protected the two h
arbors, a natural one known as the ½Sidonian,╗ and an artificial one, called the ½Egyptian.╗ \par
